In this study, complete mitochondrial genomes were sequenced and assembled for the cms line 8a and its maintainer line 8b. Cytosterility systems in rice are known to be gametophytic or sporophytic in nature. Apr 08, 2014 contents introduction manifestations of male sterility more prevalent than female sterility classification genetic male sterility cytoplasmic male sterility in maize fertility restoration in maize chemically induced male sterility applications significance in plant breeding references 3. Extra credit assignment for plb 112 in which we hannah contois and amber tepe explain cytoplasmic male sterility. Cytoplasmic male sterility cms is a maternally inherited condition in which a plant is unable to produce functional pollen. Construction of a male sterility system for hybrid rice. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this kind of cytoplasmic nuclear interaction remains unclear.
It is estimated that a total of 334 million hm 2 of hybrid rice has been grown and about 300 thousand billion kg of rice has been produced in china during the past three decades since the 1970s yuan and peng. Cytoplasmic male sterility cms, a condition under which a plant is unable to produce functional pollen, is widespread among higher plants. A pentatricopeptide repeatcontaining gene that promotes the processing of aberrant apt6 rna of cytoplasmic malesterile rice. Cytoplasmic male sterility is total or partial male sterility in plants as the result of specific nuclear and mitochondrial interactions. Molecular characterization and application of a novel. Cytoplasmic male sterility cms is caused by sterility genes in the cytoplasm which lead to the abnormal stamen and incompatible pollen. Recurrent selection by using genetic male sterility for. Here, we characterized a rice nuclear gene essential for sporophytic male fertility and constructed a male sterility system that can propagate the pure male sterile seeds.
Cytoplasmic male sterility cms factors have long been known in some wild plants, and also in some domesticated species, where they are used to. The pollen sterility that is caused by nuclear genes is. Pdf cytoplasmic male sterility of rice with boro ii cytoplasm is. Cytoplasmic male sterility of rice with boro ii cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic male sterility an overview sciencedirect. Usually the cytoplasm of zygote comes primarily from the eggs cell and due to this progeny of such male sterile plants would always be male sterile.
They reported that a set of cms lines named cmsbt, the. Functional marker assisted improvement of stable cytoplasmic. Cytoplasmic male sterility cms, which is controlled by mitochondrial genes, is an important trait for commercial hybrid seed production. Crop science abstract genetic of fertility restoration of wa type cytoplasmic male sterility in rice view my binders. The obstacle to utilize this technique to improve selfpollinated crops is the difficulty to. Cytoplasmic genetic male sterility this is a case of cytoplasmic male sterility, for which a nuclear gene for restoring fertility in male sterile line is known.
Cms is conditioned by gainoffunction mitochondrial genome mutations, giving rise to novel mitochondrial proteins and facilitating the use of cms in hybrid crop seed production. Cn101514342a rice cytoplasmic male sterile genes and. Includes information about the cause of the mutation, its biological. We report here the pyramiding of three genes xa5, xa,andxa21inmaintainerlinesco2b,co23b,andco24bofthreepromisingwild abortive cytoplasmic male sterile lines co 2a, co 23a, and co 24a through functional. In this study, we found that ldcytoplasm contained a.
Plant cytoplasmic male sterility cms is an important phenomenon and is widely utilized in hybrid crop breeding. Hybrid rice, which was adopted in the 1970s, now covers nearly. The invention provides cytoplasmic male sterile genes of wildabortive type hybrid rice cloned from a rice mitochondrial genome, encoded proteins thereof, carriers containing the dna sequences of the genes and host cells for transforming the. It occurs in many plant species and is often associated with chimeric mitochondrial open reading frames. Cytoplasmic male sterility cms is a maternally inherited trait that results in an inability to produce functional pollen, caused by incompatibility between nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. The genome size of 8a is 504,210 bp, which is 8618 bp. Mar 17, 20 yaoguang liu and colleagues identify the molecular basis of male sterility in the wild abortive cms cmswa system that has been widely used for hybrid rice breeding. Pdf a detrimental mitochondrialnuclear interaction causes. We have studied 4 wild abortive wa cytoplasmic male sterile cms lines and 45 pollen parents of.
Such cmsrf systems have been successfully used for breedings of f1 hybrid cultivars. In a number of cases, transcripts originating from these altered open reading frames are translated into unique proteins that appear to interfere with mitochondrial. Rf1 promotes processing of a cmsassociated mitochondrial rna of atp6orf79, which consists of atp6 and orf79, in btcms with the cytoplasm of chinsurah boro ii. Cytoplasmic male sterility an overview sciencedirect topics. A detrimental mitochondrialnuclear interaction causes cytoplasmic male sterility in rice article pdf available in nature genetics 455 march 20 with 1,054 reads how we measure reads. The f 1 hybrid seed is produced by crossing male sterile wild rice plants with restorer wild rice plants. Pdf cytoplasmic male sterility of rice with boro ii. In plants, male sterility can be caused either by mitochondrial genes with coupled nuclear genes or by nuclear genes alone. Pdf genetics and breeding system for cytoplasmic and. Cytoplasmic male sterility of rice with boro ii cytoplasm is caused by a cytotoxic peptide and is restored by two related ppr motif genes via distinct modes of mrna silencing w zhonghua wang,a,1 yanjiao zou,a,1 xiaoyu li,a,2 qunyu zhang,a 2 letian chen,a hao wu,a dihua su,a. The invention relates to the technical field of plant genetic engineering, in particular to a rice cytoplasmic male sterile genes and application thereof. Cytoplasmic male sterility cms, the failure to pro duce functional male gametes, is widespread in flowering plants kaul, 1988.
Advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of cytoplasmic male sterility and restoration in rice article pdf available in plant reproduction 303 october 2017 with 248 reads. Pdf advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms. Pdf cytoplasmic male sterility cms is a maternally inherited characteristic found in. The molecular basis of cytoplasmic male sterility and. The pollen sterility which is controlled by cytoplasmic genes is known as cytoplasmic male sterility cms. Blast basic local alignment search tool analysis indicated that lsp1, a new. Rice with ldtype cytoplasmic male sterility cms possesses the cytoplasm of lead rice and its fertility is recovered by a nuclear fertility restorer gene rf1. Cytoplasmic male sterility, as the name indicates, is under extranuclear genetic control under control of the mitochondrial or plastid genomes. Cms and gms facilitate hybrid seed production for many crops and thus allow breeders to harness yield gains associated with hybrid vigor heterosis. Origins of rice cytoplasmic male sterility genes cell. Regulatory signals pass between cytoplasmic organelles and the nucleus, with profound effects on plant function.
Eventually mutation at a nuclear gene may restore male fertility to individuals carrying the maternally inherited sterility factor. Cms systems represent a valuable tool in the production of hybrid seed in selfpollinating crop species, including maize, rice, cotton, and a number of. Cytoplasmic male sterility of rice with boro ii cytoplasm is caused by a cytotoxic peptide and is restored by two related ppr motif genes via distinct modes of mrna silencing w zhonghua wang,a,1 yanjiao zou,a,1 xiaoyu li,a,2 qunyu zhang,a 2 letian chen,a hao wu,a dihua su,a yuanling chen,a jingxin guo,a da luo,b,c yunming long,a yang zhong,d. Pdf the genetic and molecular basis of cytoplasmic male sterility. The pollen abortion factor is believed to be present within the pollen grains in gametophytic cytoplasmic male sterile cms lines, while in sporophytic cms lines pollen abortion occurs due to the. We have found a rice rf1 gene that restores bttype cms by applying a positional cloning strategy. The rice restorer rf4 for wildabortive cytoplasmic male sterility. This phenotype is prevented by the presence of a fertility restorer rf gene in the nuclear genome. Xa21 in prominent rice varieties is the most economical and effective strategy for the management of the bb disease. A detrimental mitochondrialnuclear interaction causes. Candidate gene selection for cytoplasmic male sterility in. More specifically, the invention relates to a hybrid wild rice seed and plant produced using a cytoplasmicgenetic male sterility system. Pdf characterization of maintainer and restorer lines for.
Their pollen abortion pattern is different cytohistologically. Gene, protein, and network of male sterility in rice ncbi. Two backcross inbred line bil populations derived from either xieqingzao b xbxbdongxiang wild rice dwr xxd or xbdwrxb xdx were used to detect quantitative trait loci qtls for fertility restoration of dwarf wild abortive da. Cytoplasmic male sterility of rice with boro ii cytoplasm is. Nuclear male sterility is common in flowering plants, but its application in hybrid breeding and seed production is limited because of the inability to propagate a pure male sterile line for commercial hybrid seed production. Crop science abstract genetic of fertility restoration of. Sota fujii, mari yamada, masahiro fujita, etsuko itabashi, kazuki hamada, kentaro yano, nori kurata, kinya toriyama, cytoplasmicnuclear genomic barriers in rice pollen development revealed by comparison of global gene expression profiles among five independent cytoplasmic male sterile lines, plant and cell physiology, volume 51, issue 4. Various types of cytoplasmic male sterility cms and environmentconditioned genic male sterility egms. Cytoplasmic male sterility cms and nucleuscontrolled fertility restoration are widespread plant reproductive features that provide useful tools to exploit heterosis in crops. Cytoplasmic male sterility and fertility restoration. Characterization of cytoplasmic male sterility of rice. The advantage in cytoplasmic male sterility cms is that the pollen in the male sterile line is aborted, while the female organ is normal. Male sterility and fertility restoration in crops annual. Research article open access molecular characterization and application of a novel cytoplasmic male sterilityassociated mitochondrial sequence in rice yanping tan1, xin xu1, chuntai wang1, gang cheng1, shaoqing li2 and xuequn liu1 abstract background.
Origins of rice cytoplasmic male sterility genes cell research. Pdf a detrimental mitochondrialnuclear interaction. Dec 27, 2016 cytoplasmic male sterility cms factors have long been known in some wild plants, and also in some domesticated species, where they are used to produce plants to be used as maternal parents, for. Construction of a male sterility system for hybrid rice breeding and seed production using a nuclear male sterility gene zhenyi chang a,1, zhufeng chen, na wanga,1, gang xie a, jiawei lu, wei yanb, junli zhoua, xiaoyan tanga,b,2. Male sterility is the failure of plants to produce functional anthers, pollen, or male gametes. May 30, 2017 extra credit assignment for plb 112 in which we hannah contois and amber tepe explain cytoplasmic male sterility.
Transfer of cytoplasmic male sterility from a58cms was also achieved using the promising strain, kochihibiki. Cms is associated with mitochondrial dna mutation, novel chimeric open reading frames orfs, and rearrangement of coding and noncoding regions of the mitochondrial genome. In rice, approximately 99% of f1 hybrid cultivars have been developed using a wild abortive type. Plant regeneration from protoplasts of cytoplasmic male sterile lines of rice oryza sativa l. The exploitation of male sterility systems has enabled the commercialization of heterosis in rice, with greatly increased yield and total production of this major staple food crop. The wild abortive cms cmswa, a wellknown cms type, has been successfully applied in the commercial production of hybrid rice seeds for more than 40 years. To test whether the expression of orf79 causes male sterility in rice, a plasmid based on the binary vector was prepared, which carries a fusion gene of the mitochondrion transit signal from an rf gene rflb. On sterility resulting from crossing different types of rice.
Molecular mechanism of cytoplasmicallyencoded male. Threeline malesterile system is comprised by the malesterile line, maintainer line and restorer line, defective nuclearcytoplasm interaction in. It shows nonmendelian inheritance, with male sterility inherited maternally. Transfer of cytoplasmic male sterility in rice using the. Characterization and use of male sterility in hybrid rice breeding. Pdf characterization of maintainer and restorer lines. Dec 22, 2015 cytoplasmic genetic male sterility this is a case of cytoplasmic male sterility, for which a nuclear gene for restoring fertility in male sterile line is known. The rice restorer rf4 for wildabortive cytoplasmic male.
Cms systems represent a valuable tool in the production of hybrid seed in selfpollinating crop species, including maize, rice, cotton, and a number of vegetable crops. Characterization of cytoplasmic male sterility of rice with. Pdf cytoplasmic male sterility cms and nucleuscontrolled fertility restoration are widespread plant reproductive features that provide useful tools. Yaoguang liu and colleagues identify the molecular basis of male sterility in the wild abortive cms cmswa system that has been widely used for. Cytoplasmic male sterility and fertility restoration plant cell. Crop science abstract genetic of fertility restoration. Cyto sterility systems in rice are known to be gametophytic or sporophytic in nature.
Use of cytoplasmic male sterility in the production of f 1 hybrids, and their performance in trials. Cytoplasmic male sterility cms is the maternally inherited inability of a plant to produce or shed viable pollen. Cytoplasmic male sterility cms is a maternally inherited inability to produce functional. Analysis of cytoplasmic effects and finemapping of a genic male sterile line in rice peng qin1,2. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this kind of cytoplasmic. Cytoplasmic male sterility cms is a maternally inherited inability to produce functional pollen found in numerous flowering plant species. In cotton, all three types of male steriles are found.
In brassica juncea, orf288 has been identified as a cmsassociated gene in the hau cms line. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this kind of cytoplasmicnuclear interaction remains unclear. Using linkage analysis in combination with 6,104 bc1f3 progeny derived from a cross between two nearisogenic. Please view the pdf by using the full text pdf link under view to the left. Cmsrestoration systems in rice have been widely used for hybrid seed. Mitochondrial orf79 levels determine pollen abortion in. So far, genes controlling this trait are still not clear in pepper. Analysis of cytoplasmic effects and finemapping of a. The donorrecipient method may have a practical use in shortening the time it takes to produce malesterile strains. Contents introduction manifestations of male sterility more prevalent than female sterility classification genetic male sterility cytoplasmic male sterility in maize fertility restoration in maize chemically induced male sterility applications significance in plant breeding references 3. Uncontrolled expression of a certain mitochondrial gene often causes cytoplasmic male sterility cms in plants.
A narrow genetic base and insufficient numbers of parental lines are major constraints in the development of locationspecific hybrid rice varieties. Expression of orf79 in cms lines and transgenic rice plants caused gametophytic male sterility. Characterization and use of male sterility in hybrid rice. Cytoplasmic male sterility cms is primarily caused by chimeric genes located in the mitochondrial genomes. The fertility restorer gene,r, is generally dominant and is found in certain strain of the species or may be tranfered from related species.
Blast basic local alignment search tool analysis indicated that lsp1, a. Discovery of cytoplasmic male sterility of rice the first report of cytoplasmic male sterility in rice was documented in 1954 by weeraratne et al. Crystal structure of wa352 provides insight into cytoplasmic. A fertility restorer gene, rf4, widely used for hybrid rice. Here, we show in rice oryza sativa with boro ii cytoplasm that an abnormal mitochondrial open reading.
Apr 30, 2015 cytoplasmic male sterility cms is a maternally inherited inability to produce functional pollen found in numerous flowering plant species. Hybrid rice breeding using cytoplasmic male sterilityfertility restoration cms rf systems plays an important role in ensuring global food security. Cytoplasmic male sterility can be restored by the restorer of fertility rf gene in the nucleus. Construction of a male sterility system for hybrid rice breeding and seed production using a nuclear male sterility gene zhenyi chang a,1, zhufeng chen, na wanga,1, gang xie a, jiawei lu, wei yanb, junli zhoua, xiaoyan tanga,b,2, and xing wang denga,c,d,2 ashenzhen institute of molecular crop design, shenzhen 518107, china. On the fertility of direct and reciprocal crosses between cultivated and wild rices.
Dec 06, 2016 nuclear male sterility is common in flowering plants, but its application in hybrid breeding and seed production is limited because of the inability to propagate a pure male sterile line for commercial hybrid seed production. Among these regulatory networks is one involving the mitochondrion and the nucleus that affects pollen development. Aug, 2014 the exploitation of male sterility systems has enabled the commercialization of heterosis in rice, with greatly increased yield and total production of this major staple food crop. The combination of cytoplasmic male sterility cms in one parent and a restorer gene rf to restore fertility in another are indispensable for the development of hybrid varieties. Cytoplasmicnuclear genomic barriers in rice pollen. Oct 28, 2008 rice with ldtype cytoplasmic male sterility cms possesses the cytoplasm of lead rice and its fertility is recovered by a nuclear fertility restorer gene rf1. Cytoplasmic male sterility of rice with boro ii cytoplasm is caused by a cytotoxic peptide and is restored by two related ppr motif genes via distinct modes of mrna. The cms line, the maintainer line, and the restorer line are required for the threeline system 1, 2. Transcript levels of orf288 are associated with the hau. The rice restorer rf4 for wildabortive cytoplasmic male sterility encodes a mitochondriallocalized ppr protein that functions in reduction of wa352 transcripts dear editor, cytoplasmic male sterility cms, the failure to produce functional male gametes, is widespread in flowering plants kaul, 1988. The present invention relates to a wild rice seed, a wild rice plant, and a method for producing a wild rice hybrid seed. Research article open access molecular characterization. Cytoplasmic male sterility cms, encoded by the mitochondrion in all known cases, results in defective pollen development. The rice restorer rf4 for wildabortive cytoplasmic male sterility encodes a mitochondriallocalized ppr protein that functions in reduction of wa352 transcripts.
307 623 489 741 401 135 620 546 500 199 1327 515 407 727 204 971 312 165 504 1450 645 190 658 1271 1241 110 403 1154 711 241 648 429 1108 598 369 883 106 1104 474 1411 305 598 1371 389